11/30/2022 0 Comments Openscad sin![]() OpenSCAD will render each frame and store it in a file. But all is not lost! One can select the "Dump Pictures" box. I have had animations where each frame took 20 or 30 seconds to render. OpenSCAD can't keep up and one can't see real time. For complicated shapes/systems, the FPS becomes irrelevant. OpenSCAD can keep up with the real-time processing. In reality, this value is less important then "Steps". If one sets it to 10, the animation will slow to 1/2 the speed. The next box for us is "FPS" which stands for Frames Per Second. That means that each frame changes by 1 degree ($t*360 => 360 *1/360). Now $t will start at 0 and add 1/360 for each step. The important box is "Steps", in this box we enter the number of steps in our animation. The first box "Time" is an output, it shows the values of the $t variable. There are now three boxes at the bottom of the window. When you chose "Animate" the 3D display window changed. Now how do we get this to happen? We choose "Animate" from the "View" drop down menu as shown. In fact in doesn't matter how many steps we do, the sphere will make one revolution, the $t*360 will go from 0 to 360 regardless, the question is simply how many steps it takes. So if we did an animation of 720 steps, each step would "move" by 1/2 degree and the sphere would make a complete revolution. At each step $t will be multiplied by 360 and the translated shape will rotate by that many degrees. Now we have made the rotation around Z dependent on $t. So if we make a transformation that is dependent on $t the transformed shape appears to move. At each step OpenSCAD will do the equivalent of the "Preview" menu. During an animation session $t will start at 0 and based on some inputs will take equal sized steps to 1 For example, if we tell OpenSCAD that our animation has 10 steps, $t would take on the values 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9 and maybe 1 (it seems that sometimes it does and sometimes it doesn't go all the way to 1). OK, here we go! Animations in OpenSCAD are controlled by the system variable $t. Animation is simply the position of a shape changing with time. These two transformations change the position of the shape. There are a number of transformations, but the two one will use most of the time are translate and rotate. Obviously we need a shape to see and animate. These two parts are required for an animation. In this simple case, we only need to concern ourselves with shapes and transformations. Animation is the point of this Instructable, so we will not explore the meaning of that phrase to its fullest. The phrase I use is "Transformed Shapes are Combined". Shapes, transformations and combinations. In my class, I say there are three parts to the system. In this system, one combines simple shapes called primitives into more complex shapes. OpenSCAD uses a system called Solid Constructive Geometry (CSG). One should see a sphere as shown in the image. Then under the "Design" drop down menu, choose "Preview". We are going to start with the simplest of objects, a sphere. ![]()
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